Illegal Emigration

Need and Courage

In the 1960s and 1970s, Portugal lived under the yoke of the Estado Novo, an authoritarian regime led by António de Oliveira Salazar. This era was marked by a combination of adverse factors, including widespread poverty, political repression, war, and a lack of economic opportunities, which led many Portuguese to seek a better future through emigration.

The Roots of Emigration

Emigration by force became a tangible expression of resistance to oppression, an escape from conscription into the colonial war, and a search for more dignified living conditions. The Portuguese, especially in the most affected regions, faced a dilemma between remaining in a country suffocated by the regime or risking everything beyond its borders in search of freedom and opportunities.

Peneda-Gerês National Park

The Peneda-Gerês National Park region, known for its unspoiled natural beauty, became the unique setting for this migratory saga. The paradox between the exuberance of nature and the lack of economic prospects exacerbated the difficulties faced by local communities. Emigration thus became a response to geographical isolation and the lack of opportunities in the region. Widows of the living bear witness to those times.

The "Jumping" Phenomenon

Emigrating illegally meant overcoming not only borders, but also legal obstacles imposed by the regime, which did not want to lose manpower or men given the war in the colonies. Groups of emigrants, often led and guided by "smugglers" who knew the best routes, faced exhausting walks, miserable conditions, and rugged terrain, and, like smuggling, defied the vigilance of the authorities.

Risks

The risks associated with illegal emigration were significant. In addition to the adverse conditions of the journey, emigrants faced the constant threat of detention by the authorities. The experiences of these courageous travelers were marked by challenges, uncertainties, and often, painful separation from their roots.

Conclusion

These narratives from the past resonate as a legacy of difficult times, revealing the resilience and extraordinary effort required to overcome adversity. They constitute vivid testimonies of a generation that defied boundaries and blazed uncertain trails in search of a better life.